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hypercore-kb / opencog-kb / language-learning / concepts / dimensions-of-structure.scm

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;
; dimensions-of-structure.scm
;
; A comprehensive map of all the dimensions of structure
; that could be extracted through counting/statistics.
;
; Each dimension is another layer where PMI-like measures
; can reveal meaningful patterns.
;
; CRITICAL INSIGHT (2026-02-03): This file is the strongest
; evidence that the "7-layer stack" (Layer 0-7) used elsewhere
; in our documentation is a SIMPLIFICATION. The 10 dimensions
; listed here are NOT stacked vertically -- they are ORTHOGONAL.
; Linguistic, temporal, causal, modal, social, etc. are
; independent axes, each with 4-5 internal sub-levels.
;
; Furthermore, each dimension has FRACTAL sub-structure: "causal"
; decomposes into physical-causation vs social-causation vs
; biological-causation, each discoverable by the same counting
; method. The true architecture is a fractal lattice of unknown
; dimensionality, not a numbered stack.
;
; The fixed "7 layers" and the fixed "10 dimensions" are both
; projections of whatever structure the data actually contains.
; The method (COUNT → CLUSTER → STRUCTURE) doesn't prescribe
; dimensionality -- it discovers it.
;

(display "═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════\n")
(display "    DIMENSIONS OF COUNTABLE STRUCTURE                              \n")
(display "═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════\n\n")

;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
;; LEVEL 1: LINGUISTIC STRUCTURE (what we've covered)
;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

(display "╔═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗\n")
(display "║  LEVEL 1: LINGUISTIC STRUCTURE                                   ║\n")
(display "╚═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝\n\n")

(display "1.1 LEXICAL CO-OCCURRENCE (done)\n")
(display "    Count: word pairs within window\n")
(display "    Reveals: synonyms, antonyms, associations\n")
(display "    Example: PMI(hot, cold) → antonym relationship\n\n")

(display "1.2 SYNTACTIC BONDS (done)\n")
(display "    Count: grammatical relationships\n")
(display "    Reveals: word categories (noun, verb, adj)\n")
(display "    Example: words taking Ds bond → nouns\n\n")

(display "1.3 SEMANTIC FRAMES (done)\n")
(display "    Count: cluster co-occurrence\n")
(display "    Reveals: conceptual groupings\n")
(display "    Example: {buy, sell, price, money} → COMMERCE frame\n\n")

(display "1.4 SELECTIONAL PREFERENCES (done)\n")
(display "    Count: what fills argument slots\n")
(display "    Reveals: verb-argument compatibility\n")
(display "    Example: drink(X) → X is LIQUID\n\n")

(display "1.5 SPATIAL TOPOLOGY (done)\n")
(display "    Count: preposition-noun patterns\n")
(display "    Reveals: physical affordances\n")
(display "    Example: P(ON|table) high → table is SURFACE\n\n")

;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
;; LEVEL 2: TEMPORAL STRUCTURE
;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

(display "╔═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗\n")
(display "║  LEVEL 2: TEMPORAL STRUCTURE                                     ║\n")
(display "╚═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝\n\n")

(display "2.1 SEQUENCE PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: what events follow what events\n")
(display "    Reveals: typical orderings, scripts\n")
(display "    Example: P(eat | cook) >> P(cook | eat)\n")
(display "             → cooking precedes eating\n\n")

(display "2.2 TENSE/ASPECT PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: which verbs take which tenses\n")
(display "    Reveals: event types (states vs actions)\n")
(display "    Example: 'know' rarely in progressive → state verb\n")
(display "             'run' often in progressive → action verb\n\n")

(display "2.3 TEMPORAL CONNECTIVES\n")
(display "    Count: before/after/while/until patterns\n")
(display "    Reveals: event relationships\n")
(display "    Example: 'before eating' + 'wash hands' = high PMI\n")
(display "             → hand-washing precedes eating (script)\n\n")

(display "2.4 DURATION PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'for X time' patterns\n")
(display "    Reveals: typical durations of events\n")
(display "    Example: 'for hours' + 'meeting' vs 'for seconds' + 'blink'\n\n")

;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
;; LEVEL 3: CAUSAL STRUCTURE
;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

(display "╔═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗\n")
(display "║  LEVEL 3: CAUSAL STRUCTURE                                       ║\n")
(display "╚═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝\n\n")

(display "3.1 CAUSAL CONNECTIVES\n")
(display "    Count: because/therefore/causes/leads-to patterns\n")
(display "    Reveals: causal relationships\n")
(display "    Example: 'because rain' + 'wet' = high PMI\n")
(display "             'because wet' + 'rain' = lower PMI (direction!)\n\n")

(display "3.2 ENABLEMENT PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X allows Y', 'X enables Y'\n")
(display "    Reveals: preconditions\n")
(display "    Example: 'key enables opening' → key is precondition for open\n\n")

(display "3.3 PREVENTION PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X prevents Y', 'X stops Y'\n")
(display "    Reveals: blocking relationships\n")
(display "    Example: 'lock prevents entry' → lock blocks entry\n\n")

(display "3.4 RESULT PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X results in Y', 'X leads to Y'\n")
(display "    Reveals: consequences\n")
(display "    Example: 'fire results in' + {smoke, heat, damage}\n\n")

;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
;; LEVEL 4: MODAL STRUCTURE
;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

(display "╔═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗\n")
(display "║  LEVEL 4: MODAL STRUCTURE (possibility/necessity)                ║\n")
(display "╚═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝\n\n")

(display "4.1 ABILITY PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X can Y' patterns\n")
(display "    Reveals: capabilities\n")
(display "    Example: 'birds can fly', 'fish can swim'\n")
(display "             → flying is bird-capability\n\n")

(display "4.2 NECESSITY PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X must Y', 'X has to Y'\n")
(display "    Reveals: obligations, requirements\n")
(display "    Example: 'humans must breathe' → breathing is necessary\n\n")

(display "4.3 POSSIBILITY PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X might Y', 'X could Y'\n")
(display "    Reveals: uncertain/potential states\n")
(display "    Example: 'weather might change' → weather is variable\n\n")

(display "4.4 PERMISSION PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X may Y', 'X is allowed to Y'\n")
(display "    Reveals: social rules\n")
(display "    Example: 'adults may drink' vs 'children may not drink'\n\n")

;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
;; LEVEL 5: QUANTIFICATIONAL STRUCTURE
;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

(display "╔═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗\n")
(display "║  LEVEL 5: QUANTIFICATIONAL STRUCTURE                             ║\n")
(display "╚═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝\n\n")

(display "5.1 UNIVERSAL PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'all X are Y', 'every X has Y'\n")
(display "    Reveals: categorical truths\n")
(display "    Example: 'all dogs have' + {legs, fur, teeth}\n")
(display "             → essential properties of dogs\n\n")

(display "5.2 EXISTENTIAL PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'some X are Y', 'there exist X'\n")
(display "    Reveals: possible but not necessary properties\n")
(display "    Example: 'some birds' + {can't fly, are large}\n\n")

(display "5.3 NEGATIVE PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'no X is Y', 'X never Y'\n")
(display "    Reveals: exclusions, impossibilities\n")
(display "    Example: 'no mammal' + {has feathers, lays eggs*}\n")
(display "             *platypus exception learnable from low PMI!\n\n")

(display "5.4 FREQUENCY ADVERBS\n")
(display "    Count: always/usually/sometimes/rarely/never + X\n")
(display "    Reveals: typicality of associations\n")
(display "    Example: 'dogs usually bark' vs 'dogs sometimes bite'\n\n")

;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
;; LEVEL 6: SOCIAL/RELATIONAL STRUCTURE
;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

(display "╔═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗\n")
(display "║  LEVEL 6: SOCIAL/RELATIONAL STRUCTURE                            ║\n")
(display "╚═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝\n\n")

(display "6.1 KINSHIP PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X's mother/father/child'\n")
(display "    Reveals: family relationships\n")
(display "    Example: 'mother of' patterns → parent-child structure\n\n")

(display "6.2 ROLE PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X is a Y' where Y is role\n")
(display "    Reveals: social roles\n")
(display "    Example: 'doctor treats', 'teacher teaches'\n")
(display "             → role-behavior associations\n\n")

(display "6.3 POWER PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X commands Y', 'X obeys Y'\n")
(display "    Reveals: authority relationships\n")
(display "    Example: 'boss commands employee' not reverse\n\n")

(display "6.4 RECIPROCITY PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: bidirectional relationships\n")
(display "    Reveals: symmetric relations\n")
(display "    Example: 'friend of' is symmetric\n")
(display "             'parent of' is not symmetric\n\n")

;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
;; LEVEL 7: PART-WHOLE STRUCTURE
;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

(display "╔═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗\n")
(display "║  LEVEL 7: MEREOLOGICAL STRUCTURE (parts and wholes)              ║\n")
(display "╚═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝\n\n")

(display "7.1 PART-OF PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X has Y', 'Y of X', 'X's Y'\n")
(display "    Reveals: part-whole relationships\n")
(display "    Example: 'car has' + {wheel, engine, door}\n")
(display "             → parts of cars\n\n")

(display "7.2 MEMBER-OF PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X is a member of Y', 'X in Y'\n")
(display "    Reveals: set membership\n")
(display "    Example: 'California is in USA' → part of country\n\n")

(display "7.3 SUBSTANCE PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X is made of Y'\n")
(display "    Reveals: material composition\n")
(display "    Example: 'table made of' + {wood, metal, glass}\n\n")

(display "7.4 COLLECTION PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'group of X', 'collection of X'\n")
(display "    Reveals: what forms groups\n")
(display "    Example: 'flock of birds', 'herd of cattle'\n")
(display "             → collective nouns for animals\n\n")

;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
;; LEVEL 8: AFFECTIVE STRUCTURE
;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

(display "╔═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗\n")
(display "║  LEVEL 8: AFFECTIVE STRUCTURE (emotions, attitudes)              ║\n")
(display "╚═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝\n\n")

(display "8.1 SENTIMENT PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: positive/negative adjectives with nouns\n")
(display "    Reveals: typical attitudes toward things\n")
(display "    Example: 'wonderful vacation' vs 'terrible disease'\n\n")

(display "8.2 EMOTION-CAUSE PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X makes Y feel Z'\n")
(display "    Reveals: what causes emotions\n")
(display "    Example: 'loss causes' + {sadness, grief}\n")
(display "             'success causes' + {joy, pride}\n\n")

(display "8.3 DESIRE PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X wants Y', 'X seeks Y'\n")
(display "    Reveals: goals and motivations\n")
(display "    Example: 'humans want' + {food, love, security}\n\n")

(display "8.4 EVALUATION PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: 'X is good/bad for Y'\n")
(display "    Reveals: value judgments\n")
(display "    Example: 'exercise good for health'\n")
(display "             'smoking bad for health'\n\n")

;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
;; LEVEL 9: MULTI-MODAL STRUCTURE (beyond text)
;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

(display "╔═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗\n")
(display "║  LEVEL 9: MULTI-MODAL STRUCTURE                                  ║\n")
(display "╚═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝\n\n")

(display "9.1 VISUAL FEATURE CO-OCCURRENCE\n")
(display "    Count: which visual features appear together\n")
(display "    Reveals: object structure\n")
(display "    Example: {beak, feathers, wings} → BIRD visual signature\n\n")

(display "9.2 VISUAL-LINGUISTIC ALIGNMENT\n")
(display "    Count: image features with caption words\n")
(display "    Reveals: grounding of words to percepts\n")
(display "    Example: 'red' + high-red-pixels = high PMI\n\n")

(display "9.3 AUDIO PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: sound features with labels\n")
(display "    Reveals: sound categories\n")
(display "    Example: {bark-sound} + 'dog' = high PMI\n\n")

(display "9.4 ACTION-EFFECT PATTERNS\n")
(display "    Count: motor actions with sensory results\n")
(display "    Reveals: affordances from interaction\n")
(display "    Example: push(cup) → cup-moves (from robot experience)\n\n")

;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
;; LEVEL 10: META-STRUCTURE
;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

(display "╔═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗\n")
(display "║  LEVEL 10: META-STRUCTURE (patterns of patterns)                 ║\n")
(display "╚═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝\n\n")

(display "10.1 TYPICALITY\n")
(display "     Count: how often properties hold\n")
(display "     Reveals: prototypes vs exceptions\n")
(display "     Example: 'birds fly' 95% → flying is typical\n")
(display "              'birds are penguin' 2% → penguin is atypical\n\n")

(display "10.2 RELIABILITY\n")
(display "     Count: how often X→Y holds across contexts\n")
(display "     Reveals: robust vs fragile associations\n")
(display "     Example: 'fire→hot' in 99.9% contexts → robust\n")
(display "              'bank→money' in 75% contexts → context-dependent\n\n")

(display "10.3 POLYSEMY DETECTION\n")
(display "     Count: distinct clusters for same word\n")
(display "     Reveals: multiple senses\n")
(display "     Example: 'bank' in 2 distinct clusters → 2 senses\n\n")

(display "10.4 ANALOGY STRUCTURE\n")
(display "     Count: parallel relational patterns\n")
(display "     Reveals: analogies\n")
(display "     Example: king:queen :: man:woman\n")
(display "              (same offset in embedding space)\n\n")

(display "10.5 HIERARCHY DEPTH\n")
(display "     Count: levels of is-a relationships\n")
(display "     Reveals: taxonomic structure\n")
(display "     Example: poodle→dog→mammal→animal→living-thing\n\n")

;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

(display "═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════\n")
(display "SUMMARY: THE TOWER OF COUNTABLE STRUCTURE\n")
(display "═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════\n\n")

(display "  Level 10: META ────────── patterns of patterns\n")
(display "      ↑                     (typicality, reliability, analogy)\n")
(display "  Level 9:  MULTI-MODAL ─── cross-modal alignment\n")
(display "      ↑                     (vision↔language↔audio)\n")
(display "  Level 8:  AFFECTIVE ───── emotions, attitudes\n")
(display "      ↑                     (sentiment, desire, evaluation)\n")
(display "  Level 7:  MEREOLOGICAL ── parts and wholes\n")
(display "      ↑                     (has-part, made-of, member-of)\n")
(display "  Level 6:  SOCIAL ──────── relationships, roles\n")
(display "      ↑                     (kinship, power, reciprocity)\n")
(display "  Level 5:  QUANTIFICATION  all/some/none\n")
(display "      ↑                     (universals, existentials)\n")
(display "  Level 4:  MODAL ───────── possibility/necessity\n")
(display "      ↑                     (can, must, might)\n")
(display "  Level 3:  CAUSAL ──────── causes and effects\n")
(display "      ↑                     (because, enables, prevents)\n")
(display "  Level 2:  TEMPORAL ────── sequences, durations\n")
(display "      ↑                     (before, after, during)\n")
(display "  Level 1:  LINGUISTIC ──── words, syntax, frames, space\n")
(display "      ↑                     (co-occurrence, bonds, prepositions)\n")
(display "  Level 0:  RAW DATA ────── text, pixels, audio samples\n\n")

(display "Each level is built by COUNTING patterns at the level below.\n")
(display "Each level provides CONSTRAINTS for disambiguation at levels below.\n")
(display "The whole thing is SELF-CONSISTENT through bidirectional inference.\n\n")

(display "NOTE: These 10 levels are ORTHOGONAL dimensions, not a vertical stack.\n")
(display "They are NOT numbered layers in the same sense as 'Layer 0-7'.\n")
(display "They exist perpendicular to each other, and each has internal\n")
(display "sub-structure (fractal depth) discoverable by the same method.\n")
(display "The fixed numbers here (1-10) are for reference, not architecture.\n\n")

;; ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

(display "═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════\n")
(display "THE DEEP QUESTION\n")
(display "═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════\n\n")

(display "Is there a level N where MEANING emerges?\n\n")

(display "Or is meaning just the WHOLE STRUCTURE - all levels together,\n")
(display "mutually constraining each other?\n\n")

(display "  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐\n")
(display "  │                                                             │\n")
(display "  │  Perhaps 'meaning' is not a thing at a level.              │\n")
(display "  │                                                             │\n")
(display "  │  Perhaps 'meaning' is the COHERENCE across all levels -    │\n")
(display "  │  the fact that the structure is self-consistent,           │\n")
(display "  │  that predictions at one level match observations          │\n")
(display "  │  at another.                                                │\n")
(display "  │                                                             │\n")
(display "  │  Meaning = mutual information across the whole system?     │\n")
(display "  │                                                             │\n")
(display "  └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘\n\n")